The Big Wild Goose Pagoda is a pavilion-style brick pagoda, with a height of 64.517m and a base length of 25m. The tower is square pyramid-shaped and located on a square brick platform, with a bottom area of 42.5×48.5 meters and a height of 4.2 meters. The tower body made of blue bricks is spliced by grinding bricks, and the structure is regular. The exterior is made of wood-like structure, and the size decreases proportionally from bottom to top. There is a spiral wooden ladder in the tower. There is an arched ticket gate on both sides of each floor, which can be overlooked through the railing. The whole building is magnificent, solemn and simple, with simple and steady modeling and moderate proportion, which is a masterpiece of architectural art in Tang Dynasty. Many famous poets in the Tang Dynasty boarded the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, leaving a beautiful sentence that has been passed down to this day, such as Du Fu's "high standards cross the sky, the wind keeps going"; Chapter 8 of the "strange bird enclave, mid-air self-alarm language" and so on. Especially Cen Can's "Go to Ji 'an with Gao Shi and Xue Zhi"; "Pagoda, suddenly rising from the ground, reached the palace of heaven; Climbing the mountain, we seem to have left the world behind, and the soda dish is empty. It is above a holy land and can only be built by spiritual hard work; The four corners hinder the sky, and the seven layers cut gray clouds. Birds fly down from our sight, looking down at the wind; The mountains, facing the east, run together as if facing the east. Far away, green locust trees line the wide road, Guan Gong He Linglong; The colors of autumn come out from the west and go through the city. In the north, there are five cemeteries, which are always quiet under the dew and green grass. Those who know the ultimate meaning of life will become ancestors; From now on, I will put my official hat aside and find the eternal road is the only happiness. " The poet's magnificent description and philosophical exclamation often cause people to sing when they climb the tower. Little Wild Goose Pagoda is located in Jianfu Temple, about 1 km south of Xi, Shaanxi Province.
The Little Wild Goose Pagoda and the Big Wild Goose Pagoda face each other in the east and west, which are two important symbols preserved so far in Chang 'an, the ancient capital of the Tang Dynasty. Because the scale is smaller than the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, it was built later, so it is called Little Wild Goose Pagoda.
Jianfu Temple was built in Hua Kai Square, Chang 'an City in Tang Dynasty. This is the former residence of Princess Xiangcheng, the daughter of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty. In the first year of Zhongzong civilization (684), the royal family built a temple and recommended Emperor Gaozong to pray. Formerly known as Jianfu Temple, it was renamed Jianfu Temple in the first year of Tiancai (690). It was a famous temple in Chang 'an in Tang Dynasty. Yijing, a famous monk in the Tang Dynasty, set out from Luoyang in the second year of Emperor Gaozong Xianheng (67 1) and arrived in India by sea via Guangzhou. After more than 30 countries, I returned to China for 25 years and brought back more than 400 Sanskrit scriptures. In the second year of Shenlong (706), Yijing translated 56 Buddhist scriptures in Jianfu Temple and wrote a book "Biography of the Great Monks Seeking Dharma in the Western Regions of Datang", which is of great value to the study of the history of cultural exchanges between China and India. At present, Jianfu Temple only has the Little Wild Goose Pagoda built in the first year of Tang Jinglong (707). Little Wild Goose Pagoda is a square brick building with dense eaves. When it was first built, it was fifteen stories high, about 46 meters high, and the side length of the tower foundation was 1 1 meter. The eaves of the tower are covered by layers, and one door is built in the north and one in the south. The tower retracts layer by layer from bottom to top, forming a beautiful and comfortable outer contour line; The doorframe of the tower is made of bluestone, and the lintel is carved with line carvings to provide a picture of harmony between man and nature and a pattern of creeping grass. The sculpture is extremely exquisite, reflecting the artistic style of the early Tang Dynasty. The interior of the tower is hollow, covered with wooden floors, and a wooden ladder spirals up to the top of the tower. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, due to many earthquakes, the tower cracked and the top of the tower was destroyed. Now there are only thirteen floors left. Because of the beautiful appearance of the Little Wild Goose Pagoda, most of the masonry dense eaves pagodas in the world are imitations. Although the Tang and Song Miyan Pagoda in Yunnan and Sichuan have their own local characteristics, we can still see the inheritance relationship with Little Wild Goose Pagoda.
Today, there is still a huge iron bell in the temple, weighing more than 10,000 Jin, which was cast in the third year of Ming Chang in the Jin Dynasty (1 192). The bell is loud and clear, and the "Yanta Morning Bell" is known as one of the eight scenic spots in Guanzhong. Lingguang Temple 1988 065438+ 10/3 was announced by the State Council as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
Lingguang Tower is located on a flat platform at the southern end of Tashan Mountain in the northwest suburb of Changbai Town. It is 869 meters above sea level, and there is a mountain peak about 200 meters north, which is called List Peak. The towering list peak becomes the natural barrier of the Lingguang Tower. Tashan is about 2 Li south, and the Yalu River flows from east to west. This tower is about 100 meters above the water surface of Yalu River. Between the Yalu River and Tashan Mountain is a basin about 4 Li Long long from east to west and 2 Li wide from north to south. Originally named Tadian, it has now become a block and farmland. Changbai-Linjiang Highway extends westward at the foot of Tashan Mountain. When you climb Tashan, you can have a panoramic view of the city of Changbai Town and the Huishan of North Korea on the other side. 198865438+1October 13, which was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit.
Lingguang Pagoda was built in the Bohai period of Tang Dynasty (698 ~926). It is the oldest ancient pagoda in Northeast China and the most representative historical relic left by Bohai State in Tang Dynasty. Located at the top of the mountain at an altitude of 869 meters. It is a square-plane pavilion-style brick tower. There are decorative bricks on all sides under the eaves of the ground floor. There are square straight lattice windows in the center from the second floor to the fifth floor. Its shape is similar to the Xuan Ji Tower of Xi Xingjiao Temple in Tang Dynasty, and it has the style of Tang Dynasty.
Lingguang Tower is about 13 meters high, and the tower foundation is an equilateral quadrilateral, five stories high and blue brick structure. The spire is plain. Despite the vicissitudes of life and everything overturned, the tower remains the same and stands still. The pagoda is condescending, and the Yalu River flows under its feet day and night. It is an essential activity for Chinese and foreign tourists who have been to Changbai County to visit Tashan Mountain, view ancient pagodas, overlook the scenery of the two countries and take photos in front of the tower. The tower is of great historical value to the study of culture and architecture in Bohai period. Located in the center of Taihuai Town, Wutai Mountain, the Great White Pagoda was built in Yuan De for five years (130 1) and designed and built by Nepalese craftsman Anika.
According to "Buddhist Places in Shanxi Province", there is a huge white pagoda in Taihuai Town, the Buddhist center of Wutai Mountain, which is a symbol of Wutai Mountain and is known as "the first cool scene". The temple where the Great White Pagoda is located is called Tayuan Temple, and the temple is named after the pagoda, which is quite appropriate.
The Great White Pagoda is located between the main halls, majestic and straight, pointing to the blue sky, and the mountains and rivers are covered with air, which shows the generosity of the five sets. The ancients praised the tower for "rising from the sky; The magic lamp candle at night is the first cool scene. " The tower foundation is square, with a circumference of 83.3 meters and a height of 75.3 meters. The pagoda is white all over and looks like an algae bottle. From bottom to top, from coarse to fine, from fine to coarse, from coarse to fine, from coarse to fine, and then from coarse to fine, the thickness and Fiona Fang alternate, and the shape is beautiful. Eight copper plates at the top of the tower are covered in a circle, arranged according to the positions of stem, ridge, root, earthquake, Xun, Li, Kun and dui. There are wind-ground copper vases on the plate. The circumference of the disc is more than 23 meters and the height of the copper top is more than 5 meters. From the copper top to the edge of the plate, it is fixed with a copper chain, which looks like a straw hat in the north and a bucket sign in the south. On the edge of the disc, there are 36 copper cornices hanging, each of which is more than 2 meters long and nearly 1 meter wide. At the lower end of each cornice, there are three wind chimes, including the wind chimes at the waist of the tower, with 252 * * *. Whenever it is sunny, clouds move over the tower, birds fly around, and the wind rings, which is leisurely and elegant. In the Ming Dynasty, Master Zhencheng once wrote a poem praising: "The floating picture is ethereal and stands out from the Vatican Palace. Far away from the castle peak, the solitary label is purple. The golden urn contains the bright moon in the sea, and the treasure chooses to shake the wind. Nature has been hidden for a long time, and the state of God has been worshipped for generations. " On the lower floor of the Great White Pagoda, there are three pagodas. There are wooden fences around the pagodas, and there is a roundabout for two people to walk in the columns. Around the tower, the smaller the people. The Great White Pagoda is a great achievement in the history of tower building in China. It is a rare treasure or isolated case of tower architecture in China, and it is the physical data to study how high-rise buildings experience earthquakes, storms and lightning attacks. Leifeng Pagoda, located in front of Jingci Temple, is a remnant vein extending northward from Nanping Mountain, with towering trees and lush trees beside the lake. Although its mountain is small and exquisite, its reputation on the lake is one of the best, because there is a Leifeng Tower built by Wu Yueshi on the top of the mountain, and even the name of the mountain has been changed to Zhao Qianshan. This famous mountain on the south bank of the West Lake is peninsula-shaped, surrounded by water on three sides, and once lived in the imperial garden of the Southern Song Dynasty. 1949 years later, a large number of ornamental trees such as Cinnamomum camphora, Liquidambar formosana and Elm were planted on the mountain, and the sunset shone on Lin Tao, and the scenery was still rich.
Leifeng Pagoda is the only one of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake that has been restored and rebuilt. Located on a branch hill of Nanping Mountain on the south bank of West Lake, there is an old brick tower with eight sides and five floors, which was built by King Qian Hongshu in 975 to celebrate the birth of his concubine Huang, commonly known as the tower. Because the tower is outside Xiguan, it is also called Xiguan brick tower, which is the most beautiful and romantic tower among many ancient pagodas in West Lake. Later generations renamed it Leifeng Tower at sunset. Ancient stupa architecture in China. In front of Chongsheng Temple Site, northwest of Dali City, Yunnan Province 1.5km. The temple was destroyed in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and only three pagodas stood between Cangshan and Erhai, arranged in the shape of finished products. The three pagodas were built in Nanzhao (649 ~ 902) and Dali (937 ~ 1253) respectively. According to documents, since the Song Dynasty, there have been frequent earthquakes in Dali, which directly affected the three pagodas for more than 30 times and damaged them. It was repaired many times in Ming and Qing dynasties, but its basic shape remained the same. It is one of the earliest buildings in Yunnan Province. 196 1 year, People's Republic of China (PRC) * * * and the State Council were declared as national key cultural relics protection units.
The main tower, also known as Chihiro Tower, is a brick tower with dense eaves, with a square plane, a width of 9.85 meters, sixteen floors of dense eaves and a height of 69. 13 meters. There are two floors under the abutment. The upper brick base of Xumi Mountain is 2.07 meters high, and there is a stone wall in the middle of the east, engraved with the words "Nine Towns and Mountains". The lower abutment is 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters high, surrounded by bluestone fences and sentries. The tower is a circular thick-walled structure, with vertical inner wall and through from top to bottom. There are wooden floors, stairs and overlapping tower eaves. 1 floor 13.45 meters high, accounting for about one fifth of the height of the tower. There is a ticket gate in the west, the second floor is more than 3 meters high, and the height of each floor is gradually decreasing. On both sides are 1 stone Buddha and on both sides are small windows. There are single-story small square pagodas on both sides of each floor, which are in an arc outline, very similar to the Little Wild Goose Pagoda in Xi 'an, and are typical brick pagodas in China in the Tang Dynasty. Tower brake is composed of brake seat, phase wheel, treasure cover and treasure bead.
The north and south towers are all 10 floors, and the towers below 8 floors are hollow. Each tower is 42. 19 meters high, and the tower body is painted with white ash. The height of the ground floor is relatively low, and the heights of more than two towers are roughly similar, and the outer contour line is approximately conical. On the fourth, sixth and eighth floors, there are inclined columns imitating pavilions and pavilions, broken children's staring windows, eight sides of the tower are built into tower-shaped niches with different shapes, and lotus flowers are placed on the eaves of the tower. Exquisite and beautiful, compared with Chihiro Tower, it obviously has a different style.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the three pagodas were well protected. 1984 set up a cultural relics depository. 1978 ~ 198 1 repaired and strengthened the three towers, restored the tower gates, installed lightning protection facilities, repaired the simple wooden stairs in the tower, opened the east tower door closed in Qing Dynasty and cleaned it. More than 680 pieces of cultural relics have been unearthed in the tower, which is the most abundant and important batch of cultural relics discovered so far during Nanzhao and Dali periods. Among them, there are 154 Buddhist statues, mainly bronze, but also gold, silver, crystal, jade and wood carving. One of the Golden Guanyin statues is 24 cm high and weighs 1 135 g, which is the same shape as the "icon" painted in the famous Nanzhao National History Atlas. It is said that it is one of the earliest Buddhist statues introduced to Dali. We also found Budimo scriptures, different forms of tower molds, porcelain, bronze mirrors, seals and other cultural relics imported from the Central Plains.