Biochemical engineering is an interdisciplinary subject composed of biology, chemistry and engineering, which studies the basic theory and engineering technology in the process involving organisms or bioactive substances. It is an important branch of the first-level discipline "Chemical Engineering and Technology", the key development of the two disciplines, and plays a key role in the industrialization of biotechnology.
Development of biochemical industry;
The investment profit rate of biotechnology industry is as high as 17.6%, which is twice that of information industry. In the past ten years, the output value of global biotechnology industry has increased fivefold every three years. After long-term development, China's biochemical industry has a certain foundation, especially after the reform and opening up, the development of biochemical industry has entered a new stage.
Compared with the traditional chemical industry, the development of biochemical industry has obvious advantages, and the state attaches great importance to the development of biochemical industry, especially in biochemical technology. China's "863" and "973" plans have included biotechnology in key funding areas, and the pace of biochemical industrialization has accelerated, and the biochemical industry has developed well. Xiang Jun analyzed that in the future, 20%-30% of chemical processes in the chemical field will be replaced by biotechnology processes, and biotechnology industry will become one of the leading industries in 2 1 century, and biochemical industry will become an important chemical industry in 2 1 century.
Biochemistry involves a wide range, and many biochemical companies have their own specialties, and cooperation for commercial interests is also very active. In addition, with the participation of manufacturers engaged in traditional industries, due to technical and production reasons, they also cooperate frequently with enterprises engaged in biochemical development and production. All these make the cooperation of biochemical industry more and more extensive.
Biochemical engineering is a subject which is based on experimental research, pays equal attention to theory and engineering application, integrates the theories of genetic engineering, cell engineering, enzyme engineering and engineering technology, and realizes the target product of biological process through engineering research, process design and operation optimization and control. So it plays an important role in biotechnology. This subject is also an important part of biotechnology, which will play a positive role in solving major problems faced by human beings such as resources, energy, food, health and environment.
The discipline of biochemical engineering began during the Second World War, marked by the deep fermentation of antibiotics and the research of large-scale production technology. From the late 1960s to the mid-1980s, the development and research of transgenic technology, biocatalysis and transformation technology, animal and plant cell culture technology, new bioreactor and new biological separation technology were successful, which made the discipline enter a new development period and gradually improved the discipline system. In the late 20th century, the rapid rise of high-tech represented by genetic engineering opened up a new field for the further development of this discipline.