It is necessary to implement the reading guidance of famous books in Chinese teaching to solve the widespread disadvantages of reading less at present. This is an important teaching setting of unified textbooks. Extracurricular reading should be included in the textbook arrangement system, and the importance of extracurricular reading should be emphasized and highlighted.

Wen Rumin, a professor of Chinese Department in Peking University and director of Peking University Institute of Chinese Education, pointed out some misunderstandings in current teaching and gave corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for teachers' reference.

First, why should the new textbook set up a reading guide for famous books?

The main purpose of reading guidance of famous books is to stimulate students' interest in reading, let students develop reading habits and increase reading accumulation, which is consistent with the requirements of the new Chinese curriculum standard.

Second, how to teach the reading guide of famous books?

1.

That is to say, let students calm down and read a few books completely, which should be the first standard. Teaching materials focus on single reading. When reading an article, students have formed the thinking habit of "what is the theme, what is the central idea, what is the language and what is the structure", but this thinking is not enough to cope with the reading of the whole book. Therefore, I hope that in the middle school stage, students can calm down and read a few books completely.

Free reading

Although the introduction of famous books has been included in the curriculum, don't make it completely compulsory reading, and don't stipulate too many actions. We should respect children's interest in reading and read whatever they like. Free reading is very important. Without free reading, there is no interest in reading. Without free reading, there is no reading habit, let alone reading lifestyle.

The main energy of reading famous books is still outside class, and in class, it is only to stimulate interest, provide advice or eliminate difficulties. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to the word "freedom" when designing the course of reading guidance for famous books. Don't stifle a student's interest even if he can't finish the task, or if he doesn't finish the task well.

Specific practices

The reading guidance of famous books should focus on target management, supplemented by process management. Target management is the overall task and requirement of establishing the reading guidance of famous books; Process management specifies what needs to be done at each step to complete the task, including "what problem to solve", "what state to eliminate" and "how many pages to read every day".

If there is no target management, it is all a process management arrangement, and the introduction of classics becomes an intensive reading course. Never set too many rules and regulations for reading famous books, because one's reading is a personalized choice, and everyone's reading is different, with different age groups and different reading interests; There are differences in reading between different sexes; People of the same type will have different reading interests. Only by recognizing this can we cultivate students' interest in reading.

In fact, children's choices can also be guided. For example, the teacher has designated five classic works, but the children are not necessarily interested in all of them. If he is allowed to read it all, they are likely to have resistance. At this time, parents can add five interesting and popular books on the basis of the Five Classics, and let their children choose five books from this 10 book. Negotiate with him after picking. If he picks what we think is classic, give him more encouragement. This not only achieves the purpose of reading famous books, but also is easy for children to accept.

Independent reading

In addition to respecting children's reading interest, we should also cultivate children's reading interest. At this stage, it is particularly important to find points of interest. You should put yourself in the child's shoes. Imagine a child of this age reading this book. What could his excitement be? You can stimulate children's interest by designing reading guidance questions.

For example, the question in the reading guide of Romance of the Three Kingdoms is "Who is the first protagonist?" This question is more suitable for students to ask after they have a comprehensive understanding of the novel, and it is not high enough. Let's ask, "Is Cao Cao a good person or a bad person?" Tell me your reasons. "This topic is three-dimensional. And in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, what is the difference between wisdom and treachery after you read it? " "Who do you think is a hero?" "Lu Xun said that Zhuge Liang is close to the demon. Why did Lu Xun say this? "Similar questions can certainly be discussed by students.

At the same time, be sure to imagine your child's difficulty and tell them that you may not understand it. You can bypass it first and review it later.

For example, "Flowers at Morning", written by Lu Xun to himself, is an adult's memory. It is adults who comfort themselves with childhood life (memory) when they are in pain, and can't read it as a story. So explain clearly to the students in advance that this book is difficult to understand, and tell them that you can read it best. If you don't understand, look up the information, get some background and try to finish it. It doesn't matter if you really don't understand. We'll talk later. In the meantime, tell him how-

Let a 65,438+05,65,438+06-year-old child understand what adulthood looks like in the eyes of adults: "The author remembers selectively in memory, and he handles it in a teasing and warm way." Tell him, "You are a teenager now. If you look back at your life in twenty or thirty years, what would you think? " Would it be ridiculous? Still feel warm? "

3. What are the requirements for the introduction of famous works?

first floor

What is commendable is that students can read the whole masterpiece patiently, which has reached the most basic requirements. In daily life, children mostly watch funny and fragmented things. So it is victory to be able to read the book patiently! This standard seems low, but in fact it is high. Reading is nourishing, the nature of personality temperament, and we require complete reading to be nourishing, so if we can finish reading completely, more than half of our teaching goals will be achieved.

second floor

The second level is a little higher. After reading a book, students become interested, so they can follow the trail, find other similar books to read and get in touch with a higher level.

Third layer

This level is more advanced, requiring students to develop the method of reading a class of books. Reading popular science articles is different from reading novels, reading short stories is different from reading novels, and reading argumentative essays is different from reading essays. For example, after reading a novel, you can know how to read a novel-not digging word for word, but paying great attention to the plot and characters.