In my spare time, I will go for a walk by the river, blowing a cool breeze and watching the sunset. I will also see my peers holding a big book in their hands on some special days. I think it's the exam. Seeing this scene, I think about myself, as if I were the same as before.
Now I think middle school students are studying hard with pressure, hope and reality, learning how to be a man and how to study. Some people will say that students should be like this, but you should know that junior high school is the turning point and starting point of life, so everyone is very tired at this time. Sometimes I really feel that the future is very confused and beautiful. Eugenics may be happy, but stress is indispensable; Poor students may be happy, but they are not only tired of learning, but also tired of the world. For a group of intermediate students, each part accounts for a little bit, and they can't get up or down in their studies, and they always struggle and wander in the middle. So many students don't feel the beauty of learning, only you know the true meaning of life.
I used to be one of them. I heard a teacher say to me, "You should enjoy your study and enjoy your life." It suddenly dawned on me. Yes, why don't I like this research? ! After the epiphany, I stopped munching on books. Even if I munch on books, I no longer study for exams, but I really want to be surrounded by learning. In fact, if you enjoy learning, you will enjoy life and taste it.
Taste life, you are no longer lonely; Taste life, you are no longer confused; Taste life, and you will no longer be sad. There are good and bad life, no high and low. Similarly, "we study to enter a high-quality life circle." Life is complicated, but there is no lack of simplicity. It just depends on how you treat it.
I used to be a worried child, with no expectation for the future, no expectation for life and no interest in life. However, I love literature, dance, talking about piano, painting and dreams. Maybe this is an era of dreams. Because of this, I gradually love life, enjoy life and taste life.
Too much experience makes people strong and fragile. Something will come true. I am also a melancholy person. I was, am and will always be. I don't think I can get rid of it. However, if I want to be happy, I want to forget my unhappiness. So I chose to forget and savor life. Because I can feel the fun and happiness of life in it, then you will find that the world is fair. I slowly began to accept others into mine. I stopped living in my own space and began to share my joys and sorrows with others. It seems that I found myself inadvertently. The light of life is beautiful. I found that I have so much, I should learn to be grateful. I have pure friendship; I have a big family; I have teachers who love me. I am unhappy, so I am alone. I taste the truth, goodness and beauty of life, and I also reject the falsehood, evil and sadness of life.
I found that savoring life is beautiful, and enjoying learning is pleasant. I no longer despise life, and I will never indulge myself to despise life. I will live in the present and always go up.
"If you shed tears when you miss the sun, you will also be sad when you miss the stars."
.2.
Literature is a broad and profound subject. If you want to learn Chinese well, your interest in learning and good study habits are very important. Some people find it difficult to learn Chinese. I think it's mainly because you don't have the right method and a golden key to open the door to Chinese.
To learn Chinese well, we should pay attention to cultivating learning interest, forming good study habits, accumulating learning methods and enhancing learning ability.
Being interested in Chinese learning will lay the most solid foundation for your Chinese learning. No matter what you do, interest is the most important thing. Two thousand years ago, Confucius in Wen Sheng said, "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy". This sentence just shows that "goodness" and "happiness" can be said to be spiritual pillars for a person to pursue something, my friend. If you are now, you can start from "0". To cultivate interest, you can recite and copy some wonderful fragments, philosophical sayings and extracurricular knowledge. In this way, you will accumulate slowly, and one day, you will suddenly find that it is so easy to be a knowledgeable scholar. You can also take part in some activities about Chinese, such as speaking and writing. Einstein said, "In the future, the most important motivation for work is the pleasure in work, the pleasure in obtaining the result of work, and the understanding of the social value of this result." As I said just now, you can participate in social activities, and then someone will ask. If you win, it will certainly boost our morale and make us more interested. Instead, it will dampen our enthusiasm and dislike Chinese. Isn't that counterproductive? I can definitely answer "No". It depends on how you realize the value of the result. As I said, you will learn Chinese with confidence. If you fail, you can reflect on what you did badly. "Frustration is a great wealth for the strong and an abyss for the weak." You can think about it. It is precisely because of the discovery of defects that we will make up for them and do better. If learning interest is the foundation, good study habits.
The quality of your study habits is directly related to the quality of your study. Ye Shengtao believes: "From primary school teachers to university professors, their task is to help students develop good habits and help students develop good habits in politics, culture and science." From this sentence, we can at least see the importance of good habits. In fact, good habits are mainly cultivated by ourselves. There is a saying in the countryside that "habit becomes nature". If you stick to a good study habit, it will become "nature" with firm determination over time. How to cultivate good study habits can be understood from study practice and articles. The Book of Rites says, "Be knowledgeable, interrogate, think carefully, distinguish clearly and stick to it." We can gradually integrate it into our study. "Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous" sounds the alarm of combining "learning" with "thinking" for us. "Learn from time to time" and "Review the past and learn the new" Many famous people have summarized their learning, so we might as well try (but don't blindly). In fact, it is more important that we sum up from our study. Quietly thinking about prose and famous sayings can not only make you feel comfortable, but also deepen your impression. If a good study habit is an original architect, then a good study method is exquisite and practical building materials.
When it comes to learning methods, "language" is a word and "text" is a word. In fact, there are many intersections with study habits, such as copying wonderful fragments, reciting ancient poems, and writing down wonderful moments at any time. The important thing in Chinese learning is accumulation and application, and the above methods are all important means of accumulation. Our use of Chinese knowledge can be said to be all-encompassing and can be used in many aspects, such as social interaction and so on. Some people learn Chinese very well, but when they use it, they put jiaozi in a teapot-they can't pour it out. In fact, the purpose of learning is to use, which is the key. Since the methods vary from person to person, I won't discuss them much! I believe my dear friend, you will have a trick up your sleeve. Good study habits, strong interest and correct methods. If you don't have the ability to learn Chinese, it is still useless.
Learning ability is gradually cultivated and accumulated. Some people say that Lu Xun's articles are difficult to understand. Actually, it's because we didn't find a breakthrough. When we understand a sentence, we must contact the background and context of the times, so that you can easily solve the problem. To consolidate the basic ability of learning, we must first remember the intention of some writing, rhetoric and symbols. Only with such a solid foundation can we improve our learning ability. The cultivation of "haste makes waste" was not built in a day.
.3.
According to the learning theory of modern constructivism, knowledge cannot be simply taught to students by teachers or others, but can only be actively constructed by each student according to his own existing knowledge and experience; At the same time, let students have more opportunities to express their thoughts, have full communication with classmates, and learn how to listen to others' opinions and make appropriate evaluations, which is conducive to promoting students' self-awareness and self-reflection. Therefore, the teacher's role in mathematics quality education should not be regarded as "imparting knowledge", but should become a promoter, enlightener, questioner and demonstrator of students' learning activities, give full play to the role of "guide" and truly "reflect".
To comprehensively promote quality education in mathematics and make students become active explorers and thinkers, we must attach importance to the process of students' "learning" and do a good job in "reading, listening, speaking, writing and using" in students' mathematics learning.
1. Reading in Mathematics Learning
Modern society has entered the information age, which requires people not only to "learn" but also to "learn". "Learning" should be based on "reading", including:
Reading the textbook 1. 1 is the main material for students to learn mathematics. They are carefully compiled by experts who write mathematics textbooks on the basis of fully considering the physiological and psychological characteristics of students, the quality of education and teaching, the characteristics of mathematics subjects and other factors, and have high reading value. Reading materials before class include three links: before class, during class and after class. Reading textbooks before class is to understand the contents of textbooks and find difficult problems. Reading textbooks in class can help you understand the contents of textbooks more deeply and master relevant knowledge points. Reading textbooks after class is the deepening and expansion of the first two links, so as to achieve a comprehensive and systematic understanding and mastery of the contents of textbooks.
1.2 Reading Logs In addition to reading textbooks, students should also widely read extracurricular books, such as the series of Mathematics Extracurricular Books for Junior and Senior High School Students published by Shanghai Education Publishing House and the magazine Mathematics for Middle School Students. That is, reading newspapers can not only make students care about major events at home and abroad, but also make them pay attention to mathematics in our daily life, capture the mathematical information around them, appreciate the value of mathematics and understand the dynamics of mathematical research. However, with all kinds of
Reading in mathematics learning is different from reading novels. Reading often needs paper-and-pencil calculus and reasoning to "bridge the bridge" and needs the brain to build a flexible language conversion mechanism.
2. Listening in math learning
"Listening" in mathematics learning mainly refers to attending classes, which is an important link for students to acquire knowledge and learn.
Basic methods for students to learn knowledge systematically. Listening to lectures not only refers to listening to teachers, but also includes listening to classmates' speeches.
2. 1 Listening to lectures is mainly about listening to the teacher's thinking in class, that is, the thinking process of finding problems, clarifying problems, putting forward hypotheses and testing hypotheses. We should not only listen to every word of the teacher's explanation, analysis and exertion, but also grasp the key points, listen to the key steps and make a general description, especially the difficult problems found or produced when reading the textbook.
2.2 Listening to students' speeches, listening to and accepting other people's mathematical ideas and methods, not only listening to teachers' lectures, but also listening to students' speeches. The exchange of ideas between students can cause more * * * voices. We can learn from other students' methods of learning mathematics and thinking, and teachers' timely guidance and evaluation will help us broaden our thinking, stimulate our thinking, clarify our thinking and cause reflection. Learning to listen to the opinions of teachers and classmates and reflect on their own ideas is helpful to cultivate students' good performance.
3. "Say" in mathematics learning
Cultivating good language expression ability is not only the task of Chinese learning, but also the important content of improving mathematics literacy and one of the tasks of mathematics learning. "Speaking" in mathematics learning is an important form to cultivate students' language expression ability, including speaking experience and thinking.
3. 1 "Reading and Listening" can deepen students' understanding and mastery of the content of "Reading and Listening" by reading textbooks, reading magazines, attending classes and giving speeches. For example, talk about the content of textbooks, especially the content of "reading-reading" in textbooks, talk about mathematics in newspapers and magazines, and teach the content of foreign books.
3.2 Thinking about learning mathematics is inseparable from solving problems, but we can't solve problems for the sake of solving problems. In the process of solving problems, we should pay attention to the explanation of problem-solving ideas, even if it is a wrong idea, we can learn lessons from it and deeply understand mathematical concepts and principles. Taking students' homework as the only channel to understand students' learning situation often covers the whole process of students' thinking and is not comprehensive. Only by speaking boldly can we fully reflect students' thinking, expose students' thinking process, and help teachers master accurate feedback information in time.
4. Writing in Mathematics Learning
Writing in mathematics learning is an important form to cultivate students' written expression ability. Through the above "reading,
Listening and writing should further require "writing", which is a test of "reading" and "listening" and a deepening of "speaking". In addition to the usual writing (doing) homework, it should also include writing reviews, writing small papers and so on.
4. 1 Write your thoughts after reading. By reading textbooks, especially the "reading" content in textbooks, as well as newspapers, magazines and extracurricular reading materials, you can write down your feelings or content summary, instead of trying to cover everything, you can cultivate your interest and improve your writing ability over time.
4.2 Writing a short essay is more demanding than writing a post-reading, but it is not impossible. This requires students to read extensively, accumulate information, explore deeply, learn to analyze, ask questions and solve problems, cultivate keen observation, enhance innovation consciousness and improve innovation ability.
5. Application in Mathematics Learning
Mathematics is an abstract reflection of the real world, a summary of human experience and an important group that constitutes modern culture.
As an inseparable part, the study of mathematical knowledge must be organically combined with the application of mathematics, just as "applying what we have learned" is what we have always advocated. However, emphasizing application is not to go back to the evil path of ignoring basic theories such as "measurement, drawing and calculation", but to cultivate students' awareness of using mathematics, learn to analyze and solve problems in other disciplines and practical problems in production and life with mathematical theories, ideas and methods, and truly reflect the application value of mathematics.
"Reading, listening, speaking, writing and using" in mathematics learning is an organic whole, and every link in it can not be separated from teachers' active guidance and guidance, and it also needs students' active learning spirit. Only when teachers and students actively cooperate can we achieve the best teaching effect.
Overview; There are two kinds of understanding of learning methods: in a broad sense, it refers to all means, methods and ways adopted in the process of learning to achieve learning objectives and master learning content, as well as some operating principles, organization and management that should be followed in learning. Narrow sense refers to the specific activities, measures and strategies adopted by learners in the learning process. Learning methods are essentially a series of interrelated activities, which are regulated and guided by certain learning principles. Consciously exert one's psychological ability and physical strength, and combine a series of specific methods and means into a purposeful activity. Learning methods can be expressed as both experience and theory, both of which come from people's learning practice, and the correct learning method is also the object of learning. We are talking about learning methods in a broad sense, because learning not only refers to learning in books, but also includes learning in life. Simply put, the significance of mastering learning methods lies in learning more efficiently.
First, pay attention to accumulation and lay a solid foundation
The new curriculum standard points out that Chinese curriculum should "guide students to correctly understand and use Chinese, enrich language accumulation, cultivate language sense and develop thinking". Life is the source of Chinese learning. The training of "new things 100 words" makes language accumulation, language sense cultivation and thinking development directly come from life. Students are required to record the news that happened around them that day, or the news they heard, read and saw that day, so that the language is concise and smooth.
Reading is a special kind of life. Newspaper clipping training requires students to cut newspapers every day, with comments, experiences and associations, starting from the theme, content and emotion of the article and also from the writing method of the article. This kind of training not only broadens students' reading range and increases reading quantity, but also provides favorable conditions and broad space for students to choose their own reading and writing materials and write independently. Implemented the reading habit of "no pen and ink, no reading". There is an essential difference between newspaper clippings and post-reading feelings. The latter focuses on feelings, while newspaper clippings pay attention to students' evaluation ability, not only the feelings of writing content, but also the evaluation of writing content, process and method, appreciate the success of the article and set their own writing standards.
The two courses are carried out alternately, which allows students to absorb nutrition directly or indirectly from life and also solves the problem of "what to write".
Second, news guides are easy to use.
The author thinks that composition training should go through three stages: mastering composition characteristics-mastering writing methods-improving composition ability through continuous practice. Therefore, in the designed composition training sequence (news writing training-imagination training-thinking training-language optimization training-research composition training), "news writing training" focuses on letting students master composition characteristics and writing methods, while imagination, thinking, language optimization and research.
Writing should tell the truth, the truth, the truth, not lies, empty words and cliches, but teachers from primary school to high school need to repeat it constantly. "News-guided writing" helps students quickly break into the kingdom of writing with a simple and standardized structure (generally an inverted pyramid) and an easy-to-master way, firmly grasps the characteristics of writing content and emotion, and the language is concise and refined, which has since become a habit.
Strict requirements for authenticity in news writing can standardize students to write true feelings with typical examples; Strict requirements for news value can standardize students' writing new ideas and cultivate innovative spirit; Accurate, concise and vivid news writing language requirements provide training opportunities for changing students' flashy "student accent"; Observing and thinking about the process of news writing, so as to write news truly and vividly, is very helpful to cultivate students' interest and motivation in writing; Prose-style communication and complementary literary works have also found a new world for middle school students to learn literary language.
Language is accumulated by students in a subtle way, and others, including teachers, can't help, so the training of imagination and thinking ability has become the most effective composition teaching content, and language optimization is trained after students have accumulated a certain amount of language. Guo Moruo once said, "Seek the method from the impossible and the law from the law". Compared with the ordinary rapid composition method, the composition training sequence of "news leading the way" is through imagination, thinking and.
Third, give this tool a four-step written form.
The author thinks that writing is a double transformation process of "divergent thinking-convergent thinking-linear thinking", that is, starting from the writing goal, giving full play to the ability of observation and feeling, and connecting all kinds of knowledge and things from life and mind, which is "divergent thinking"; Selecting materials, refining ideas, conceiving and planning articles is a process of "gathering thoughts" by constantly sorting out existing materials and viewpoints; When the author's mind is transformed into words, it embodies the linear characteristics of language (different words and phrases cannot be expressed at the same time).
Based on this, the author designed the thinking composition method of 4X building blocks. Its basic steps are: think (think)-choose (choose)-write (write)-repair (repair). This method is in line with the new curriculum standard, which points out that "grasping materials, conceiving, drafting, processing and other links will help students learn to write in writing practice".
Brain map is a brand-new thinking method developed by Dr. tony bazan in England. Its main point is to write the subject words in the center; Write down any relevant arguments, branch from the central point, branch from different categories, and continue to connect. 4X building block thinking composition method, using brain map as composition tool to help students think. The step of "thinking" is to develop brain map, which is essentially divergent thinking. By expanding association, leading out clues, enriching content, connecting familiar life and knowledge fields with one event as a trigger, and guiding students to associate things in three ways: similar association, comparative association and close association. Guide students to combine divergent thinking with continuous thinking to make the article profound. The step of "selecting" and perfecting the brain map is essentially "convergent thinking", which requires students to consider whether to write, to write in detail and skim, to write before writing, and to classify the content according to the principle of "meeting the requirements of the topic, being correct or reasonable, being unique and novel, and being conducive to giving full play to their advantages". Modern brain science research shows that the left hemisphere of the brain is responsible for processing linear information. The right hemisphere deals with visual, structural and hierarchical information. The introduction of brain map avoids the linear shortcomings of traditional composition outline, makes the process of composition selection, conception and conception diverge or converge, which is more in line with personal thinking habits, and is conducive to mobilizing the coordination of the two hemispheres of the brain and improving writing efficiency. Step "writing" refers to the "linear" expression of language, emphasizing a one-stop process. Teach the steps "review".
Fourth, practice first and then guide the goal to guide learning
The original composition teaching mode of "introducing before practicing" (guidance → writing → marking → commenting), which still exists in a large area, has lost students' dominant position, and teachers' guidance has replaced students' thinking. The teaching mode of "practice first and then guide" in the composition training system of "news guide" series omits the link of "guide before doing", and its teaching process is as follows:
Teacher: Ask and guide students to clarify the meaning of the question.
Health: conceive and sketch the brain map to determine the content "practice first"
Student: I'm a beginner. Let's have a brief check.
Teacher: Guide and discuss evaluation criteria according to facts.
Student: Revise the "post-guidance" according to the guidance and evaluation criteria.
Student: Evaluate and revise each other and show wonderful paragraphs.
"Practice first" respects the individuality and practicality of students' writing, ensures the independence of students' thinking form and content, and writes whatever comes to mind; At the same time, it is also a process in which teachers prepare lessons on the spot, guide and summarize according to the different situations of different students, form information feedback in time and change the blindness of guidance. "Post-tutoring" integrates guidance, correction and evaluation, so that students can see their own thinking characteristics in time and modify their compositions according to the actual situation.
The teaching mode of "practice first and then guide" embodies the concept of "guiding learning with goals and promoting writing with evaluation" The "evaluation criteria" discussed by teachers and students have the function of teaching objectives, which is reflected in the revision of students' compositions in class: students revise their compositions according to the evaluation criteria and teachers' guidance, strive for a good evaluation, thus gaining intensive stimulation and finally mastering the evaluation criteria of compositions.
.4.
Test 1:
1, you might as well set yourself some time limits. It's easy to get tired of studying for a long time. At this time, you can divide your homework into several parts and limit the time of each part, for example, finish this exercise within one hour and finish that test before eight o'clock. This will not only help to improve your efficiency, but also will not cause fatigue. If possible, shorten the time gradually, and you will soon find that you have finished it in the previous hour.
2. Don't do other things or think about other things while studying. Everyone knows that you can't do two things at once, but there are still many students who listen to music while studying. Maybe you will say that listening to music is a good way to relax your nerves, so you can concentrate on studying for an hour and then relax listening to music for a quarter of an hour, which is much better than doing your homework with headphones on.
Don't review the same lesson all night. I once spent an evening watching math or physics. Practice has proved that it is not only easy to get tired, but also has a poor effect. Later, I arranged to review two or three classes every night, and the situation was much better.
You don't need to take detailed notes in class except for very important content. If you are busy taking notes in class, the efficiency of class will be low, and there is no guarantee that you will take notes after class. The main work in class should be to digest and absorb the teacher's lecture content and make some brief notes appropriately.
Experience 2:
I have talked with many people about learning efficiency. We often see such a situation: a classmate studies extremely hard, studying at school and at home, sometimes staying up late and doing countless problems, but his grades are always not up. In fact, I am also very anxious in the face of such a situation. Originally, what you have paid should be rewarded. Moreover, if you pay more, you should get a lot of rewards. This is a natural thing. But the actual situation. Just like learning, some people will practice it ten times, while others need to practice it a hundred times. There is an efficiency problem.
How to improve learning efficiency? I think the most important thing is to combine work and rest. The most important thing to improve learning efficiency is a clear and agile mind, so proper rest and entertainment is not only beneficial, but also necessary, which is the basis to improve learning efficiency. So how to improve the efficiency of attending classes? In my experience, it is necessary to preview before class, but my preview is rough, which is nothing more than a cursory look at the textbook, so that the contents and key points in the textbook can be roughly understood in my mind and I can be more targeted when listening to the class. When previewing, we don't have to be too detailed. If it is too detailed, it is a waste of time. Second, I will be a little slack in class, and sometimes I will ignore the most useful things. But as one of my former teachers said, no one can concentrate on a class, that is to say, it is impossible to concentrate continuously for more than 40 minutes, so there is also the problem of class time allocation. Teachers can relax when they talk about familiar things. In addition, taking notes sometimes hinders the efficiency of class. Sometimes he is busy copying notes in a class, and sometimes he ignores some very important things. However, this does not mean that you don't need to copy notes. Everyone will forget. With notes, review has a foundation. Sometimes the teacher talks a lot and writes a lot on the blackboard, but it is not necessary to write down everything in the book. Of course, you should remember some theorems and laws, typical examples and typical solutions that are not in books. These are the things that are really worth remembering. Otherwise, what you see and remember will inevitably affect the efficiency of class.
How to improve the efficiency of doing problems? The most important thing is to choose a "good topic" and never do it indiscriminately. In that case, it will often get twice the result with half the effort. The questions are all around knowledge points, and many questions are quite similar. First choose the knowledge point you want to strengthen, and then choose the topic around this knowledge point. There are not many questions, and a similar question is enough. If you choose a good question, you can do it seriously. The efficiency of doing problems has improved. It also depends largely on the process after the problem is made. For the wrong question, we should seriously think about the cause of the error, whether it is because the knowledge points are unclear or careless. Do it again after the analysis to deepen the impression, so that the efficiency of doing the problem will be much higher.
Comments: Yu Xia's suggestion on attending lectures and doing problems actually reflects an important method to improve learning efficiency-"keeping your strength on the cutting edge", that is, reasonably allocating time, paying attention to key points when attending lectures and taking notes, and grasping typical examples when doing problems, which is "twice the result with half the effort" in learning.
Experience 3:
Learning efficiency is an important factor in determining academic performance. So, how can we improve learning efficiency?
First, confidence. Many scientific studies have proved that human potential is great, but most people have not effectively developed this potential. Among them, people's confidence is a very important aspect. No matter when and where you do anything, with this confidence, you will have the belief of winning, and you will soon get rid of the shadow of failure. On the contrary, if a person loses confidence, then
Another important means to improve learning efficiency is to learn to concentrate. The process of learning should be a process of thinking with the brain. Whether you look with your eyes, read with your mouth or copy by hand, it is an auxiliary means of thinking with your brain. The real key is to think with your head. For example, if you just browse or copy aimlessly, it may take many times to remember, and it is not easy to remember. But if you can give full play to your imagination and use the method of association to remember, you can often remember quickly and not easily forget. The method of memorizing English words quickly introduced in many books now also emphasizes the role of association with your brain. It can be seen that if you can concentrate and give full play to the potential of your brain, you will certainly greatly improve your learning effect.
Another important factor affecting learning efficiency is people's emotions. I think everyone has had this experience. If one day, a person is full of energy and high spirits, then he will feel relaxed and learn quickly when learning something. In fact, this is when we learn efficiently. Therefore, it is very important to maintain a good self-emotion. In daily life, we should have a happier mood. Don't think too much about things that don't go well, but treat people and things around you with a warm and optimistic attitude towards life, because it is good for others and for yourself. This can create a very relaxed atmosphere around, and you will feel particularly energetic when you study.