Shu Shi (introduction)-criticism (theory)-demonstration (theory)-conclusion (conclusion) Shu Shi: it is a "tree target", that is, the enemy theory in the "introduction" part of the article is taken as the object of criticism. Criticism: refers to "targeted", that is, presenting facts and reasons, criticizing and refuting wrong or even reactionary views or opinions. Argument: that is, on the basis of refuting the enemy's theory, establish your own correct point of view. The above two levels are the "theory" part of the article. Conclusion: The "conclusion" part of the article plays the role of closing the whole article and pointing out the main idea.
After all, the rebuttal in the application is not a regular rebuttal, so it is generally not necessary to be complete from beginning to end. Even the mini rebuttal of the 20 12 test does not need to write an introduction and conclusion. It only needs to write two levels in the original theory.
However, for argument, "two levels" should not be simply described as "criticism" and "argument", more precisely, it should be:
Correcting mistakes (breaking) {pointing out the reasons for mistakes}-arguing policies (positions) {establishing countermeasures for positive statements}
This is the most basic way to solve the "rebuttal" problem. The explanation is as follows:
Correcting mistakes: Because the "goals" set by the "rebuttal questions" of Shen Lun are just some inappropriate views or opinions when discussing countries and problems, their motives are good and well-intentioned, their understanding is vague or their methods are not good, so they should not be regarded as "enemy theories" that do not penetrate the sky.
Therefore, the rebuttal should have a gentle and generous discussion style, as long as it "points out the mistakes and explains the reasons". It is not suitable for fierce criticism and refutation, even angry condemnation, tit-for-tat and criticism. It should be objectively stated, calmly analyzed and peacefully reasoned. Therefore, it is not called cold and sharp "criticism". Because its purpose is to correct errors or deviations, it is called "error correction".
Chen Ce's Debate: Debate is a writing of "pointing out the mountains and rivers", focusing on testing the ability of candidates to "make suggestions". It requires candidates not only to have correct views, but also to come up with corresponding countermeasures when facing complex social problems. Therefore, the answer to the argument "refuting the problem" involves both the argument (establishing the correct theory) and the content of "Chen Ce" (stating the countermeasures), so it is collectively called "argument Chen Ce".
What needs special attention here is that the conventional questions of "positive argument" in the past, whether they are "overview", "analysis" and "countermeasures", or "argumentative papers" and "official documents", can only involve "argument" and "Chen Ce"; Compared with the conventional question type, the "rebuttal question" of the application has one more writing level, that is, before the "argument and Chen Ce", there must be a "correction" first. This is the so-called problem-solving idea of "breaking first and then standing".