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Yuyuan Garden is located in the northeast of the old city, with Fu You Road in the north, Anren Street in the east and Yuyuan Mall in the southwest. This is the only remaining Ming Dynasty garden in the old city. With rugged pavilions, rugged rocks and Ming Che lake, the park is known as "a must in the south of the Yangtze River". Yu Garden was built in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, and was originally a private garden in Panshi. Yu Garden was founded in 1559 and has a history of more than 400 years. It used to be a private garden in the Ming Dynasty, covering an area of more than 30 mu. There are many pavilions and pavilions, such as Sui Tang, rockery, Iron Lion, Kuailou, Deyuelou, Yulinglong, Yuji Water Gallery, Tingtaoge, Hanbi Building, inner garden meditation hall, ancient stage, and more than 40 ancient buildings, such as rockery and pond. Exquisite design, exquisite layout, famous for its beauty and exquisiteness.
At the time of the Daohui uprising in the late Qing Dynasty, Dianchuntang in the park was once the headquarters of the north of the city. Yu Garden has experienced prosperity and desolation, and now it is becoming more and more desolate. After liberation, the people's government carried out a large-scale renovation of the Yu Garden, and most of the landscape was restored that year. The whole park can be divided into four scenic spots. There are hundreds of inscriptions in the Yuyuan Garden, most of which were written by famous artists. Yu Garden was listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit in 1959, and was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council in February 1982.
Sansuitang, located at the main entrance of Yuyuan Garden, was built in the 25th year of Qingganlong (1760). Originally Leshou Hall, it was requisitioned as the office of Shanghai county government in the early Qing Dynasty, and was converted into Sansui Hall when Xiyuan was rebuilt. It means "three ears in the grain are a sign of a bumper harvest". There are five halls and spacious houses. In the center of the hall are the plaques of "City Mountain Forest" and "Lingtai Shi Jing". Under the plaque is the Book of Yuyuan Garden inscribed by Pan Boying, a contemporary calligrapher, by Pan Yunyun, the owner of Yuyuan Garden. The fan is carved with ears of rice, millet, wheat seedlings and fruits. Sansui Hall faces the Great Lake in the south, and there are cypresses in front of it. The landscape is quite vast. "There are pavilions in the lake, floating on the water, building Liang Shi in the east, building it in the west, and turning to the shore at nine." In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, Sansuitang was once the place where the bean and rice industry hall deliberated and decided, also known as "Jiaohutang". It was also the place where the government called the gentry and merchants to preach the imperial edict, and it was the political and economic activity place of the gentry and wealthy businessmen in Shanghai at that time. Sansuitang South Lotus Pond, Fuwa Pavilion, Green Wave Gallery, Haolefang, Hexian Pavilion, Qingfengtang and Ninghui Pavilion have become the scenic spots outside Yu Garden.
Yangshantang and Yujuanlou are located behind Sansui Hall, facing the big rockery opposite the pool. It was built in the fifth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1866). The bottom floor is called Yangshantang, and the upper floor is the rain rolling building. There are five trees in Yangshan Hall, with a cloister at the back and a curved sill by the pool, so you can take a nap. Looking at the big rockery, you can see the reflection in the pool. The rain-rolling building is a winding balcony, which takes the meaning of the Tang poem "The rain brings a bead curtain to the western hills at dusk". It climbs the building in the rain, with mist and faint mountain light, as if it were in the rainy mountain of Shui Gu, which is the unique scenery of Yuyuan Garden.
Rockery, Yixiuge and Wangjiang Pavilion were designed and built by Zhang Nanyang, a famous rockfill artist in the south of the Yangtze River in the Ming Dynasty. They are about 4 feet high and piled up with thousands of tons of Wu Kang Yellowstone. Rockery peaks are undulating, roads are winding, ravines are deep, and clear springs are flowing. The mountains are lush with flowers and trees, and a pool of clear water surrounds the mountains. Tourists are interested in being in the mountains when they board the ship. Wang Tao, a famous person in the late Qing Dynasty, once described: "Qifeng stands and overlaps, which is a scenic spot for the West Garden. Embroidered with jade tiles, flat as stone; Turn left and right, turn around and go, or the cliff is steep, or the stone pool bets. The entrance of the cave occasionally contains ridges, occasionally steep slopes, and the top is thousands of miles. Turn to another place along the path, willows and weeping willows, the pool is ten hectares, the horizontal direction is slightly about, the pavilions are obliquely exposed, and the scenery is quiet, as if it were another day. I feel that the city has the interest of mountains and forests, and the dust is empty. " For more than 400 years, the scenery of Yu Garden is out of date, while the big rockery still maintains its old view. There are two pavilions on the rockery. One is at the foot of the mountain, and it is called "Xiu Xiu Pavilion", which means you can enjoy the beautiful scenery in the garden. The top of the mountain is called "Wangjiang Pavilion", which means that this pavilion is "the first step of Huangpu Wusong". Sails and clouds are dozens of miles away. "On the Double Ninth Festival, tourists come here to climb high and look far, and the sails of Pujiang are vivid.
At the entrance of the East Corridor of yangshan Hall, an iron lion in Yuan Dynasty, there were a pair of iron lions with vivid posture and exquisite casting. There are inscriptions on the seat: "Zhao Zhang, a craftsman in Tongshan Town, Anyang County, Zhang Defu" and "October 28th of Gengyin in the 29th year of Dayuan State to Dayuan". The iron lion was originally placed in front of Yatang in Anyang County, Henan Province. It was transported to Japan by the Japanese army, returned to China after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, and stored in a warehouse for a long time. It was moved here when the garden was repaired.
Gradually enter the beautiful scenery and enjoy the lion. Go through the corridor around the wall and enter the veranda, which is the passage to the big rockery and straddles the pool. There is a pavilion in the corridor, and the plaque reads "Better and Better". Under the plaque, there is a Taihu stone, which looks like a beauty's soft waist and is named "Beauty's waist". The mountain view by the pool is close at hand to remind visitors to walk.
Cuixiutang is located at the northeast cliff of Darockery. In the twenty-fifth year of Qing Qianlong (1760), Qianlong was built in the thirty-fifth year. In the 18th year of Jiaqing (18 13), it was moved from Xiyuan Temple to the bakery. After extensive renovation, the building structure was exquisite, quiet and clean. Surrounded by high walls, there are many peaks in front of the hall, and flowers and trees are dying.
Fang Yi is located in Cuixiu Hall outside the East Wall, commonly known as Zhoutang. After the Ming Dynasty, most of the gardens in the south of the Yangtze River built stone boats at the water's edge to enjoy the moon, but few of them built ships directly on land. This department was added later.
After the former site of the Flower God Pavilion in Wanhua Building was converted into the West Garden, it was called "the Deep of Wanhua" and was one of the scenic spots in the West Garden. In the twenty-third year of Qing Daoguang (1843), it was converted into a cake and bean business hall. Later, the Gaston was added (it was demolished), leaving only the first floor. At that time, it was mainly used for sacrificial activities and peer discussions. Because people and gods are only a stone's throw away, it is named "Shenchi Hall". 1950 was renamed as "Wanhua Building".
Fishing music leans across the stream, with mountains and water. You can watch the fish swim in the water by the railing. A pile of splash-proof walls were built on the stream, with leaking windows on the walls and a half-hole door under the walls, from which water flowed out. Here, the ingenious way of extending the space in the garden is used, and tourists have the intention of not knowing where the end is.
There is a circuitous corridor called cloister to the east of Yulexie. A square pavilion was built in the middle, and the plaque said "Not far away". This meaning comes from Shi Shuo Xin Yu: "Don't be far away from your heart. If you are surrounded by trees, you will think, you will feel that birds, animals, birds and fish have come to your loved ones. " The eastern part of the corridor is divided into two parts by a wall. There is a window hole in the wall. You can see the balcony on the left and the peak stone on the right from the window, just like a sketch.
Liangyixuan is located on the south side of the cloister, facing the mountains and water, which has the taste of the ancients' "it is appropriate to have both mountains and rivers".
Dianchuntang and Hexutang Dianchuntang were built by Fujian Flower Sugar Merchants (1820) for office use in the early years of Qing Daoguang, with a total of 5 rooms. The hall is painted with carved beams and painted buildings, magnificent and exquisite, with doors and windows? The opera characters carved on the fan are lifelike. The name of this hall takes the meaning of Su Dongpo's poem "Cuidian Chun Yan". In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), Chen, the head of the Knife Association, set up the northern headquarters here. Now it is the only surviving site of the filial piety uprising. The hall displays weapons used by the rebels of the Knife Club, coins made by the sun and the moon, and published proclamations and other cultural relics. The hall faces the small stage, resplendent and exquisite in style. This place is called "Phoenix Dancing and Singing", commonly known as singing platform, and it is the place where the flower and sugar industry holds a banquet and sacrifices at the age of 20. There is a small rockery southeast of the singing platform. Water flows out of the stone sinus under the rockery and merges into a small pool. Half of the stage is placed in the pool, which is very elegant. There is a water sill behind Dianchun Temple, from which you can watch the fish. There is a plaque "leap" and the font is elegant and free and easy. Xu He Concert Hall is located in the south of the singing platform, facing the mountain and the water. It is open in all directions, warm in winter and cool in summer, hence the name "Xu He". There is a rockery by the pool behind, with holes and running water under the mountain; There is a square Xiao Xuan on the mountain, which is called "Snow Garden". There is a pool between the octagonal pavilion and the academy, and there is an ancient well in the pavilion. The well site belongs to the Ming Dynasty, so it is called "Gujing Pavilion". On the rockery to the east of Hexiutang and Dianchuntang, there is a Yunyan, surrounded by water and stone, and the cave is deep. There is a small building on Baoyunyan, with two floors. The upper floor is called "Kuailou" and the lower floor is called "Yanshuangge". Climbing the express building can overlook the big rockery and the panoramic view of Yu Garden in the west. The buildings painted with cornices in Yanshuangge are exquisite and scattered. There is a treasure house in the north of Dianchun Hall, with five rooms up and down. There are Jingyixuan and Li Tingting in the east. According to the "Continued Records of Shanghai County Records in the Republic of China", when Dianchun Hall was first built, there were fishing grounds, Shuishen Pavilion, Yixiaoxuan and Zhuangle Pavilion nearby, which had already been destroyed.
Oriental scenic spot
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Yulinglong and Yuhuatang Yulinglong are one of the three famous stones in the south of the Yangtze River, with a height of about 1 piece. They are beautifully carved, porous, wrinkled, leaky and thin, and are first-class stones. The ancients once said, "put a incense burner at the bottom of the stone and smoke it in the hole;" Fill the stone roof with a can of water and let Kong Quan flow. " . Yuhua Hall used to be Pan Yunyun's study. Rebuilt in Qing Dynasty, renamed Xiangxuetang. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression on August 13th, Shanghai was bombed by Japanese planes. Rebuilt in 1959, still named Yuhuatang. The hall is now decorated according to the scholar's study, displaying precious furniture such as rosewood paintings in the Ming Dynasty.
Yuji Water Gallery and Ji Yufeng Yuji Water Gallery lean against the east wall of Yuyuan Garden, near Quchi, and Ji Yufeng stands between the galleries. Jade peak is beautifully carved, originally in the garden, and 1956 moved to Yu Garden. Before and after Chixi and Yuhua Hall, the flowing water is gurgling, the rocks are steep, the flowers and trees are sparse, and there are magnolia, Pinus bungeana and bamboo, which are quiet and elegant.
Huijinglou and Jiushixuan Huijinglou are located in the center of Yu Garden, where you can enjoy the whole garden, hence the name "Huijinglou". Jiushixuan is located in the northwest of Hui Jing Building. 1959 When the Yuyuan Garden was rebuilt, the residential building was demolished and a pond was built in the north of the pond, named "Jiushixuan". The porch is in front of the platform, and you can look at the lotus flowers in the pool against the railing.
Central scenic spot
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Deyuelou and Qiyaotang Deyuelou are located in Yuhuatang and Yulinglong West, facing the water on both sides. After it was completed in the 25th year of Qingganlong (1760), it was rebuilt in the 18th year of Guangxu (1890), hence the name "the moon is close to the water". Deyue Building is a two-story building with exquisite architecture, painted beams and colorful buildings, cloisters and curved columns, gorgeous and quiet. There is a plaque of "A Thousand Miles of Bright Moon" in front of the building. The bright moon is in the sky, overlooking the moonlight on the pavilion and the zigzag bridge in the middle of the lake, which is very interesting. Wang Cui, a Shanghainese in Qing Dynasty, wrote a couplet "Old Moonlight with Local Scenery" describing Deyuelou, which is intriguing. Qizao Hall, located in the downstairs of Deyue, is named after "the water waves are strange and the algae are colorful". The decoration in the hall is beautiful and unique. There are 100 pieces of wood carvings with different fonts under the eaves of the church, which are called "Hundred Days" and full of national characteristics. The well in front of the main hall looks like a square teapot, and there is a plaque inside: "Man inhabits the pot sky". On the left wall, there is a brick carving of Guanghan Palace in Qing Dynasty.
Zhiting is located in the middle of the west corridor between Qizao Hall and Lianhua Building, facing the pavilion in the lake and Jiuqu Bridge, and facing the brick carvings of Wulaofeng and Yuefu. In the 20th year of Guangxu (1894), the Cloth Institute was built in memory of Huang Daopo, an ancient textile worker. Come to the museum? The fan is separated from the corridor. The fan skirt is engraved with "Plowing and Weaving Map".
Huan Yun rockery, located in the north of Deyue Building, was built with Taihu Stone when 1986 rebuilt Yu Garden. There is a stone road near the mountain, which twists and turns according to the mountain range. There is a clear spring in the cave, and the sound of the spring can be faintly heard on the moon tower. Chen Congzhou wrote "Huan Yun".
The library, also known as the painting and calligraphy building, is located opposite the Deyue building. Built in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, it was once a famous painting and calligraphy market in the late Qing Dynasty. In the year of Xuantongyuan (1909), Yuyuan Painting and Calligraphy Association was established here, and famous Shanghai painters often came to Ji Ya. Now the upstairs has become a Shanghai painting and calligraphy showroom.
Neiyuan scenic spot
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Yu Garden, surrounded by the Dragon Bridge in the south, is the inner garden of "the famous garden in the north of the temple opens and the sleeping temple opens in the east". 1956 When the Yu Garden was restored, the inner garden became a garden among gardens. The inner garden covers an area of only over 2 mu, but it is exquisite. There are pavilions, clay sculptures, famous and ancient trees and Shifeng Bridge, and the layout is compact and tortuous.
Jingguan Temple, also known as "Qing Xue Temple", is the main hall of the inner garden, carved with buildings and painted beams, resplendent and open. There are five halls in width and three halls in depth. There are two stone lions in front of the hall, and there are a "viewing meeting" and a "spiritual girl meeting" in the hall. "Zhi" two gold plaques. In the name of contemplation, it takes the meaning of the old saying that "everything is contented and contemplative" and "observing the flowing water and the mountain". On the opposite side of the main hall, there are many strange peaks piled up in colorful ways, such as three officials offering birthdays, white deer looking at the moon, bats dancing, or nine lions dribbling. It is said that quiet observation can distinguish 100 animal images. There are many centuries-old trees in the stone peak. Look at a small courtyard in the east, with a pool of clear water, winding corridors on both sides, shading, natural bamboo pruning and deep environment.
Guantao Building is located in the southwest of Jingguan Temple, also known as "Little Lingtai". It is a three-story all-wood structure building with a height of over 65,438+00 feet. It was the tallest building in the east of the Qing Dynasty. In the past year, you can climb here to watch Huangpu Tao Qiu, one of the "Eight Scenes of Shanghai".
The Fantasy Cloud Building and Yanqing Building face the Jingguan Hall, connecting things and leading to Guantao Building and Ship Hall. In Huan Yun Building, there is a horizontal plaque "Huan Yun", a famous Shanghai gentleman Wen Yao in the late Qing Dynasty. Inscription Huan Yun Building was originally the industry of Shanghai Chiba Office. The Yu Garden and the Inner Garden were destroyed by wars, but the building survived the robbery. There is a feeling of "waving a silk tree, watching the clouds return, the western hills are cool, in my sleeve".
Songcui Pavilion stands on the rockery to the east of Guantao Building, with a double-deck pavilion, a stone table and bench at the bottom and surrounded by green trees. A plaque in the pavilion says "Lingmuxiang".
You can see the small square temple located on the east side of Jingguan Temple, which is exquisite and quiet, especially cool in hot summer days. In front of the main hall, there is a brick carving "Life of Guo Ziyi", next to it is a mud dragon wall, with holes in the north, a phoenix pavilion in the south, and a stone tablet like "Rebuilding the Inner Garden" on the wall, which records the history of the Inner Garden.
Out of the pavilion, the boat hall is the boat hall. Although it was built on a rockery, it was paved with tiles and small bricks around it, like a boat sailing in the Jade Tao, and its structure is rare in garden buildings.
Jiulongchi is located in the southeast of the inner garden Jingguan Hall. The lake stone is built in the pond. There are four stone faucets hidden in the gap between the east and west walls, and the reflection in the water is also four faucets. In addition, if the pond is dragon-shaped, it is called Kowloon Pond.
The ancient stage is located in the south of the inner garden and was built in the late Qing Dynasty. Shanghai Beifang Qianye Office, originally located in Zhabei, moved here on 1974, and opened to the public on September 1988 after renovation and construction. The woodcarving patterns on the front of the stage, such as lions, phoenixes, dragon balls and operas, are beautiful and lifelike. The top algae well is dome-shaped, with 22 layers of circles and 20 arcs intersecting, 28 golden birds flying around, and a round mirror in the middle. Caisson is not only luxuriously decorated, but also conforms to the acoustic principle. Even if there is no sound reinforcement equipment, good acoustic effect can be achieved. On the stone pillars on both sides of the stage, there are couplets: "Heaven increases life, clouds need clothes, flowers need capacity", and the calligraphy is beautiful and vigorous, written by Yu Zhenfei, a master of Kunqu Opera. There are VIP seats on the opposite side of the stage, all of which are plush chairs and tea tables in the Qing Dynasty. There are double viewing corridors on both sides, antique mahogany tables and chairs, with a total of 200 seats. The environment is elegant and full of ancient meaning.