Personal Information of Zhuge Liang (Tang Guoqiang) in the TV series Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
Body: Eight feet long (about 1.84 meters), with extraordinary appearance and different people in different times (from Zhuge Liang Collection by Chen Shou, see the attached page of Zhuge Liang Biography of Three Kingdoms).
Official position: the prime minister appointed a captain, Yizhou pastoral record, Shangshu holiday.
Title: Hou of Wuxiang
Ancestor: Zhuge Feng (a captain of Li Si in Han Dynasty)
Father: Zhuge Jue (Cheng of Taishan County in the late Eastern Han Dynasty)
Mother: Zhang
Uncle: Zhuge Xuan.
Spouse: Huang Yueying
Brothers: Zhu Gejin (brother) and Zhuge Jun (brother)
Children: Zhuge Zhan (parent-child) Zhuge Qiao (adopted son, actually the son of the eldest brother).
Grandson; Zhuge Shang (see the eldest son) Zhuge Jing (see the second son) Zhuge Pan (son Joe, later sentenced to Zhuge Ke, copied the same door, so it belongs to Zhu Gejin)
Great-grandson: Zhuge Xian (Pan Zi)
Cultivate Nanyang
In the second year of Jian 'an (AD 197), Zhuge Xuan died of illness. Zhuge Liang and his younger brother are farming in Longzhong. Zhuge Liang loves to read Fu Liang's songs on weekdays, and often compares himself with Guan Zhong and Le Yi. People didn't agree with him at that time. Only his friends Xu Shu, Cui, Shi Tao believe in his talent. Known as "Wolong". Make friends with Jingzhou celebrities such as Pang Degong and Huang. Huang once said to Zhuge Liang: "Wen Jun chooses his wife; Ugly girls with yellow heads and blackheads, but they are all worth matching. I heard that you want to choose a wife. There is an ugly girl in my family with yellow hair and dark skin, but her talent can rival yours. ) "Zhuge Liang agreed to this marriage and immediately married her. At that time, people played it as a joke, and there was even a proverb in the village: "Don't choose a wife for Kong Ming, you will get an ugly girl."
Longzhongdui
At that time, Liu Bei was attached to Liu Biao and stationed in Xinye. Later, I went to visit Si Mahui and heard him say, "Confucians and laymen, don't you know current events when you look at the cottage?" People who know the times care about Jie Jun. There are Long Fu and Feng Chu. Those Confucian scholars are all people with shallow knowledge. How can they know the current situation? A hero is one who can understand current events and situations. At this time only Long Fu (Zhuge Liang) and Feng Chu (Pang Tong). Later, he was recommended by Xu Shu and wanted Xu Shu to introduce him. Xu Shu said, "This person can meet, but he can't compromise." The general should have left for nothing. This person can go to see him, but he can't condescend to it. The general should condescend to visit each other. )"
Liu Bei personally visited Zhuge Liang and met Zhuge Liang three times (he said he met Zhuge Liang all three times). Liu Bei told others to avoid him and asked Zhuge Liang, "The Han Dynasty is dead, the traitor stole his life, and the Lord was covered with dust." Lonely, I don't want to believe (extend) the meaning above the world, but wisdom is short-lived, so I use it wildly. As for today. However, the ambition is still not over. Do you think the plan will be safe? Now that the Han Dynasty is in decline, treacherous court officials are holding the emperor to make the princes and emperors lose power. I didn't measure my virtue and ability, and wanted to save the world with righteousness, but my wisdom and strategy were short-lived and insufficient, so I often failed today. But my ambition has not yet come true. Do you have any strategies to help me? ) "Liang replied:" Since Dong Zhuo came, there have been heroes, and countless people have crossed the state and even joined the county. Compared with Yuan Shao, Cao Cao has a small name and few people. However, exercise can overcome salt, and people who overcome strength with weakness are not limited to the weather, but also others. Today, there are millions of people in Cao Cao, holding the emperor to make the princes. This sincerity cannot compete with him. Sun Quan, who lived in Jiangdong for three generations, was once attached to the country and endangered the people. He can be used by sages, but he can help but not benefit. Jingzhou is bordered by Han and Mian in the north, benefiting from the South China Sea, Wu Hui in the east and Bashu in the west. This is a place to use, but its owner can't keep it. This is a land given by heaven and the land of generals. Does the general care? Yizhou is a dangerous place, fertile land is thousands of miles away, and the land of abundance makes Gaozu emperor. Liu Zhang is weak, Zhang Lu is in the north, and the people are rich, but they don't know how to take care of the soldiers and civilians. Therefore, a wise man thinks of a wise man. The general is not only the imperial palace, but also loyal to the four seas, commanding heroes, thinking wise men and thirsty generals. If there are advantages and interests spanning, he will protect his rock resistance, help the westerners, help the southerners, send Sun Quan abroad, and repair politics internally; When the world changed, he ordered a general to send Jingzhou troops and Wan and Luo, and the general led Yizhou people out of Qinchuan. How dare the people not eat kettle pulp to meet the general? If that's the case, we can think of everything, and the Han Dynasty can flourish. The general wants to be king. Let Cao Cao occupy the sky in the north and the land in the south. The general can occupy people and peace. " (Zhuge Liang then told him the plan of three-point world, and analyzed the situation that Cao Cao was not desirable and Sun Quan could help; It also expounds that Jing and Yi monarchies are weak, and only by owning these two States can they win, indicating the necessity and possibility of capturing these two States. He also told Liu Bei the strategy of attacking the Central Plains. This theory was later called Longzhong Dui (Longzhong Dui is still controversial, it is said that Cao Lu Dui), and Liu Bei was even more full of praise after listening to it, so Zhuge Liang began to serve Liu Bei). Liu Bei often talks with him, and the relationship is getting closer and closer. Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others were greatly displeased. Liu Bei explained to them: "There is Kong Ming in solitude and water in fish. May you say nothing more. I have Kong Ming, just like fish has water. I wish you would stop talking about it. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei stopped complaining.
Make a statement about crossing the river.
At that time, due to the influence of Liu Qi's stepmother, Liu Biao gradually became dissatisfied with Liu Qi. Liu Qi asked Zhuge Liang for advice on self-defense several times, but Zhuge Liang often refused. At a banquet, Liu Qi asked Zhuge Liang to tell him the solution by taking the ladder from home. Zhuge Liang asked Liu Qi, "Don't you know that Shen Sheng is in danger now and Zhong Er is safe outside? Shen Sheng has not been seen in the Spring and Autumn Period, and it is at stake. Can Zhong Er be safe outside? ) "Liu Qi knew what he meant, but Huang Zu was killed by Sun Jun, and Liu Qi was recommended as Jiangxia Prefecture.
In August 2008, Liu Biao died of illness and his second son, Liu Cong, succeeded to the throne. Hearing the news that Cao Cao was going south, he sent messengers to surrender. After learning the news of Fancheng, Liu Bei led the army and civilians to flee to the south. Cao Jun chased Liu Jun in Changsaka, Dangyang, and Xu Shu's mother was captured by Cao Cao's army. Xu Shu had to surrender to Cao Cao. Before Liu Bei arrived at Xiakou, Sun Quan sent Lu Su to observe the situation and suggested to Liu Bei to ask Sun Quan for help. Zhuge Liang recommended himself to Chai Sang and made friends with Lu Su. After arriving in Chaisang, Zhuge Liang met Sun Quan and first gave Sun Quan two choices by dichotomy. "If you can compete with the people of wuyue and China, it is better to give up early. If we can compete with the people of wuyue and the Central Plains, it is better to break diplomatic relations with Cao Cao as soon as possible. )"; Another option is to use the provocation method. "If not, why not put the case in the north!" If you think you can't resist, why don't you stop military action and surrender to the north! "North" has a double meaning here: First, Cao Cao is in the north; The second is that when the monarch and the minister meet, the officials generally face the north. )"
Sun Quan asked Zhuge Liang why Liu Bei didn't surrender. Zhuge Liang raised Liu Bei's social status, saying that Liu Bei had backbone and would never surrender to show Sun Bei's determination. Sun Quan was furious and vowed not to surrender to Cao Cao, but he was worried about how many troops Liu Bei had left to fight. Zhuge Liang finally analyzed the situation of the two armies. First, he said that there were 10,000 soldiers in the army and Guan Yu's water army, plus more than 10,000 soldiers in Jiangxia, Liu Qifan. Let's talk about Cao Jun's tiredness from afar. He chased Liu Beishi and rode a light bicycle for more than 300 miles a day and night. It is precisely "a spent force, it is impossible to wear Lu Tao"; Moreover, northerners do not learn water warfare, and Jingzhou people are forced to obey Cao Cao, unconvinced; Finally, Cao's defeat is certain. Sun Quan was very happy, and then he was lobbied by Lu Su and Zhou Yu and decided to unite with Cao. Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu and Lu Su were sent to lead 30,000 water troops to fight against Cao Cao. Zhuge Liang returned to Liu Bei with his army. 165438+ In October, Cao Cao defeated Chibi and returned to the north.
Adequate food, weapons and equipment
After Battle of Red Cliffs, in June+February, 65438, Liu Bei pacified the four counties in Jingnan, appointed Zhuge Liang as a military commander, lived in Lin Xuan, and ordered Lingling, Guiyang and Changsha to adjust taxes to enrich military assets. 2 1 1 year, Yizhou Pastoral Liu Zhang asked Liu Bei to assist Zhang Lu. Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others guarded Jingzhou. In 65438+ February, Liu Bei broke with Liu Zhang and attacked Chengdu. Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun and others went to Shu to help out, leaving Guan Yu in charge of Jingzhou's defense, dividing troops to pacify counties and counties, and forming a capital with Liu Bei. By 2 14, Liu Zhang surrendered and Liu Bei entered Yizhou.
Zhuge Liang received 500 Jin of gold, 50 million yuan of silver 1000 Jin, and 0/000 pieces of brocade/kloc-0, and was appointed as a strategist and general, in charge of the general's office. Every time Liu Bei sent troops to attack, Zhuge Liang was responsible for guarding Chengdu and providing Liu Bei with adequate food and clothing. For example, in the battle of Hanzhong, he provided resources for Liu Bei. In 220, Cao Pi usurped Han independence. In 22 1 year, ministers heard the news that Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty was killed, and advised Liu Bei, who had become the king of Hanzhong, to declare himself emperor. Liu Bei refused, and Zhuge Liang persuaded Liu Bei with the story of Geng Chun lobbying Liu Xiu to be emperor. So Liu Beicai agreed to let Zhuge Liang remember the history of the prime minister and have a holiday. In the same year, Zhang Fei died and Zhuge Liang became a captain.
(usually a dying emperor) entrusted his youngest son to (usually a minister)
In August, 222, Liu Bei, an orphan entrusted by Bai Di, was defeated on the way to recapture Jingzhou in the Eastern Expedition and retreated to Yong 'an. Zhuge Liang lamented that Fa Zheng died of illness, otherwise Liu Bei's eastward expedition was blocked. In February 223, Liu Bei was seriously ill, and Zhuge Liang was called to Yong 'an to entrust Li Yan with handling the affairs. Liu Bei said to Zhuge Liang, "You are only ten times as talented as Cao Pi, and you will be able to settle down in the world and eventually achieve great things. If the heir can supplement it, supplement it; If he is incompetent, you can bear it yourself. Your talent is ten times that of Cao Pi, and you will be able to achieve great things in the end. If the adopted son (Liu Chan) can help, help him; If he has no talent, you can take it yourself. ) "Zhuge Liang said with tears:" I dare to report the Loyalty Day with my strength and then die! I will try my best to serve the faithful solar terms until I die! ) "Liu Bei asked Liu Chan and other sons to treat Zhuge Liang as their father.
In April, Liu Bei died, and Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, making Zhuge Liang the marquis of Wuxiang and opening a yamen. Soon, Liu Chan relied on Zhuge Liang to take charge of Yizhou pastoral administration, and Zhuge Liang decided. It turned out that South China took the opportunity to rebel because of Liu Bei's crushing defeat. Zhuge Liang did not send troops because the country had just lost its monarch, but sent Deng Zhi and Kyle to Soochow to repair it.
south
Until the spring of 225, Zhuge Liang led the army south. Before he left, Liu Chan gave Zhuge Aliang a gold cymbal and a curved cover. He advocated one before and one after, with 60 warriors. Later, Zhuge Liang went deep into the barren land (idiom: the barren land is today's northern border of Myanmar, bhamo) to crusade against Lv Yong and Meng Huo. Zhuge Liang took the advice of joining the army in Ma Su, focusing on the policy. First, he defeated Lv Yong's army, then captured Meng Huo seven times, and settled the chaos in the world in autumn (see Zhuge Liang's southern expedition for details). After the Shu Han settled in the south and obtained some supplementary troops, after a long period of accumulation, they had the foundation of the Northern Expedition.
northern expedition
Liuchu Qishan
1. In the spring of 228 in the sixth year of lite, Zhuge Liang raised his voice in advance and took the Xiegu Road to get a reward, so that Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi set up suspected soldiers to attract Cao Zhen's heavy troops and led the army to attack Qishan (northwest of Xihe County, Gansu Province). Nan 'an, Tianshui and Anding counties in Longyou opposed Wei's attachment to Shu. Zhang He refused to break Ma Su in the street pavilion. Zhuge Liang pulled more than 1000 families back to Hanzhong from Xixian County. This is the first time out of Qishan.
2. In the winter of the same year (228), Zhuge Liang went through three passes (southwest of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province) and surrounded Chencang (east of Baoji City). He finished his food and sent it back to Hanzhong. Wei Zhui was beheaded.
3. In the spring of 229, the seventh year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang sent Chen Shi to attack Wudu (Chengxian area in Gansu Province) and Yin Ping (Wenxian area in Gansu Province). Guo Huai, the secretariat of Yongzhou, led the troops to rescue, and the fire came out to Jianwei (west of Xihe County, Gansu Province), and Guo Huai retreated. Then I got two counties.
4. In the autumn of lite eight years (230), Wei Jun attacked Hanzhong, Sima Yi went to Xicheng (northwest of Ankang County, Shaanxi Province), Zhang He went to Woods Valley, and Cao Zhen went to Gu Jie. Zhuge Liang was stationed in Chenggu (east of Chenggu County, Shaanxi Province) and Akasaka (20 miles east of Yangxian County, Shaanxi Province). It rains thirty times, and Wei Jun retreats. In the same year (230), Zhuge Liang sent Wei Yan and Wu to Qiang, and defeated Fei Yao, the general after Wei Dynasty, and Guo Huai, the secretariat of Yongzhou in Yangxi (now Nan 'an County, southwest of Wushan, Gansu).
5. In February of the 9th year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang led an army to attack Qishan, and began to use wooden cattle to move horses. When Cao Zhen was seriously ill, the Guanzhong commander Sima Yi refused. Zhuge Liang is cutting wheat in Shangguan (Tianshui County, Gansu Province). Sima Yi chased the light to Lucheng (between Tianshui City and Gangu) and dug a camp for self-defense, which was a mockery of "fearing Shu like a tiger". In May, Sima Yi fought Zhuge Liang, and Wei Yan and others will capture 3,000 enemy armour, 5,000 armour and 3,100 crossbows. In June, Li Yan called back because of poor grain transportation. Zhang He chased Liang to retreat to the wooden door and was shot dead by an arrow. This is the second time to leave Qishan.
6. In February of the 12th year of lite (234), Zhuge Liang led a great army out of Gu Jie Road. According to Wugong Wuzhangyuan (south of Qishan, Shaanxi), he settled in Weibin. Sima yi can't hold on. In August, Zhuge Liang died in Wuzhangyuan. Yang Yi and others led the army back, and there was a story about "Zhuge died and Zhong Dasheng was born".
These six times, only two times out of Qishan. The fourth is to defend, Shu and Wei don't fight.
Generally speaking, Zhuge Liang's military achievements mainly lie in pacifying Meng Huo and maintaining the stability of the Shu-Han rear area. The main achievement of Zhuge Liang's life is that Sun and Liu joined hands to resist Wei and Shu, and Wei and Wu stood together. Zhuge Liang attacked Wei several times, but failed to achieve great results. On the contrary, it has been played for several years, and people's grievances are high.
[Edit this paragraph] Zhuge Liang chronology
Age, life and deeds
Guanghe 4 years 18 1 year 1 year Zhuge Liang was born in Yang Du, Langxie (now yinan county, Shandong) on April 14th of the lunar calendar18/year.
189 in the sixth year, at the age of 9, Zhuge Liang's mother Zhang died.
Chuping 3 years 192 12 years old Zhuge Liang's father died.
In the first year of Xingping 194, Zhuge Liang, his brother Zhuge Jun and his sister were adopted by his uncle Zhuge Xuan, and his brother Zhu Gejin went to Jiangdong with his stepmother.
Xingping 2 years 195 15 years old Zhuge Liang's uncle Zhuge Xuan was appointed as the satrap, and he and his sister-in-law went with his uncle (now Nanchang).
Zhuge Xuan died in the second year of Jian 'an at the age of 197. Zhuge Liang and his siblings moved to Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei).
In the fourth year of Jian 'an, 199, 19 years old Zhuge Liang and his friend Xu Shu studied with Mr. Si Mahui, a water mirror.
Jian 'an12 In 2007, 27-year-old Liu Bei visited the Caotang in Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei), and Zhuge Liang said to Liu Beichen, "Longzhong is right". Then he went out to assist Liu Bei.
Jian 'an13 In 2008, 28-year-old Zhuge Liang sent messengers to persuade Wu Zhu Sun Quan to resist Cao.
Jian 'an 14. In 2009, 29-year-old Zhuge Liang served as a corps commander.
Jian 'an 16 2 1 1 year 3 1 year Zhuge Liang and Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun were guarding Jingzhou.
Jian 'an19214 Zhuge Liang, 34, left Guan Yu to guard Jingzhou, parted ways with Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun, and joined hands with Liu Bei. Liu Bei captured Chengdu, Zhuge Liang served as the chief strategist and left the general office.
In 20 years of Jian 'an, 265438+2005, Zhuge Liang, 35, rectified the internal affairs of Bashu.
In the 23rd year of Jian 'an, at the age of 2 18, Zhuge Liang, 38, stayed in Bashu to supply Liu Bei who was fighting in Hanzhong.
In the first year of Zhangwu in the middle of Shu, 22 1 year-old, 4 1 year-old, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, with the title of "Han", which was called Shu in history. Zhuge Liang was appointed Prime Minister.
In the first year of Shu Jianxing, at the age of 43, Liu Bei defeated Baidicheng, and Yongan trusted Zhuge Liang. After Liu Bei's death, Liu Chan acceded to the throne, and Zhuge Liang was appointed as the marquis of Wuxiang, leading Yizhou as a shepherd.
In 224, the 44-year-old Zhuge Liang adjusted the internal affairs of Bashu.
In 225, the 45-year-old Zhuge Liang led his army south to conquer barbarians.
In 227 AD, 47-year-old Zhuge Liang went to the "model" and stationed in Hanzhong, and went to the Northern Expedition that day.
In the sixth year of Jianxing in Shu, 48-year-old Zhuge Liang beheaded Ma Su, and was demoted to General Right as Prime Minister.
At the age of 49, in the seventh year of the founding of Shu, Zhuge Liang once again made a northern expedition, seized Wudu and Yin Ping, and resumed his position as prime minister.
At the age of 50, Zhuge Liang made another northern expedition in the eighth year of Jianxing in Shu.
When Zhuge Liang attacked Qishan in the Northern Expedition in 23 rd year1year 5 1 year, he defeated Wei Jun and killed the famous soldier He at the wooden door.
Shu Jianxing 1 1 233, 53-year-old Zhuge Liang collected grain in Gu Jie Jianfu.
Shu Jianxing12,234,54-year-old Zhuge Liang went north again and died of overwork.