Sea power, for people, has not been fully digested since the Opium War, and theoretical answers are urgently needed in practice. Starting from the concept of sea power, from the general to the special, this paper tries to put forward a concept system of sea power and a theoretical system based on it, which conforms to China semantics and China practice in the new century, and answers the practical problems of China's sea power practice with these concepts and theories. Characteristics of China's sea power China's sea power coexists with China's sovereignty, but China's efforts to defend and strengthen China's sea power have just begun. China's current sea power practice is far from reaching the stage of pursuing "sea power", but only at the stage of defending its own legitimate sea power. For example, the unification of China and other islands belonging to China's sovereignty in China [8] is important for China's sea power practice, but it is only a practice of safeguarding China's sovereignty and related sea power and building sea power to protect the maritime interests of these areas, not a practice of pursuing hegemonic sea power. The naval activities of the United States in the Taiwan Province Strait and its military intervention in Taiwan Province Province of China are a hegemonic sea power, that is, the practice of "sea power". In this sense, China's sea power belongs to the category of national sovereign self-defense, and the United States' maritime military intervention in Taiwan Province Province of China is a maritime hegemonic act to realize its sea power. If these two kinds of sea power semantics are translated into "sea power" indiscriminately, instead of distinguishing between sea power and sea power, neighboring regions and countries will misunderstand China's modernization practice and related sea power demands. [9] China's sea power is a kind of maritime power belonging to China's sovereignty, not a maritime power, let alone a maritime hegemony. "But in today's world, if there is law without power, there is no justice." [10] If the maritime rights and interests that legally belong to China actually belong to China, China must have strong sea power. In this sense, China's current sea power is the unity of purpose and means. China's concept of sea power should include two parts: "sea power" derived from China's national sovereignty and "sea power" to realize and safeguard this right, but it does not include "sea power" generally seized by western hegemonic countries. China's sea power, as far as its rights are concerned, includes the realization of China's "maritime rights" and "maritime rights and interests". The former includes the international law of the sea, the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the maritime rights recognized by sovereign States in international law. These rights have gradually evolved and are relatively certain with the changes in the international law of the sea. The latter includes various economic, social and cultural interests arising from maritime rights, which changes with the economic, political and cultural changes of different countries in different periods, and belongs to the part with great changes in sea rights. Different countries enjoy the same maritime rights according to the international law of the sea, but sovereign countries with the same maritime rights have different maritime rights due to different stages of economic, political and cultural development. Even excluding the factor of maritime hegemony, generally speaking, the maritime rights and interests of traditional and emerging powers are greater than those of small and declining countries. In addition, there is "maritime interest", which is a broader neutral concept than maritime rights and interests. It may be legitimate maritime interests derived from maritime rights, or it may be illegal maritime interests derived from hegemonic needs. Because China's current ability to realize sea power has not "overflowed" sovereignty, China's sea power has nothing to do with maritime hegemony, and China's maritime interests are more in the category of legitimate maritime rights and interests to be fought for and realized. China is a new country in transition. China is one of the five permanent members of the United Nations and plays an important role in international affairs. In 2000, China's GDP reached 8.9 trillion yuan, surpassing 1 trillion dollars for the first time. From 65438 to 0999, China's gross domestic product (GDP) ranked seventh in the world. [1 1] With the rapid economic growth, China's demand for world energy has also increased significantly. China's oil imports increased from 2.9 million tons in 1994 to 70 million tons in 2000, an increase of more than 20 times. The dependence on oil imports rose sharply, from 1994 to 1.9% to 30% in 2000. At this rate, in 20 10, China will need to import more than 40% oil from abroad, and by 2020, the proportion will reach 60%. At present, China's oil imports mainly come from the Middle East, accounting for more than half of the total imports (56.2%), followed by North Africa. [12] China, which has entered the market economy, has become a country with extensive contacts with the world, and its maritime rights and interests are spread all over the world, and it is constantly expanding with the expansion of China's economic aggregate; At the same time, the internal demand power and external pressure for China to realize sea power are also increasing. This is the aspect of China's sea power practice with other countries in the world.