Paper Keywords Landscape; Garden architecture; Factory configuration; Environmental coordination
The arrangement of garden plants and garden buildings is a combination of natural beauty and artificial beauty, and the relationship between them is harmonious if handled properly. Garden architecture belongs to the hard landscape that wins by artificial beauty in the garden. It is the combination of landscape function and practical function, and it is the main body in landscape construction. Garden buildings and plants are collocated together. If properly collocated, artificial beauty and natural beauty can be integrated to form a wonderful effect.
1 Interaction between Landscape Architecture and Plant Configuration
1. 1 The role of gardens in plant configuration. In addition to actively coordinating the outline, lines and colors of its own image with the natural environment, landscape architecture must also use flowers and trees to match the configuration of garden plants so as not to appear isolated.
1. 1. 1 Landscape architecture provides a base for plant planting, and can provide suitable environmental conditions for various plants through the shelter, shelter and enclosure of buildings. The external environment of the building provides a base for plants.
1. 1.2 Landscape architecture can play the role of background, setting and framing for plants. Private gardens use walls as paper and plants as paintings, so that buildings and plants form a beautiful composition.
1. 1.3 garden architecture originates from nature and is higher than nature. The secluded building in the mountains and rivers has raised the natural beauty to a higher level.
1.2 Functions of Plant Configuration in Gardens
1.2. 1 Plant configuration makes the theme and artistic conception of landscape architecture more prominent. According to the theme, artistic conception and characteristics of the building, plants are arranged, so that plants play a prominent and emphasized role in landscape architecture. Some scenic spots in the park are based on plants and marked by buildings. For example, one of the ten scenic spots of the West Lake in Hangzhou, first of all, should embody the theme of "Willow Waves and Literature", and arrange willows in a certain number in the main position to form a "Willow Waves" landscape.
1.2.2 Coordination of Plant Configuration When the shape and color of garden buildings are not commensurate with the surrounding environment, food can be used to alleviate or eliminate contradictions. In the natural environment surrounded by green trees, garden plants can "soften" the prominent volume and rigid outline of buildings. The branches of plants show a natural curve, and its texture and natural curve are often used to set off the regular architectural form made of artificial hard materials in gardens, highlighting the texture of the two materials. Generally, trees with thick branches and dense crowns should be selected near buildings with large volume, solemn facade and wide vision, and trees with fine branches and dense crowns should be planted around buildings with exquisite structures. For example, plants such as dense coral trees are often planted next to the toilets in the garden, so as not to grab the sight of tourists as much as possible.
1.2.3 The artistic composition of garden architecture with rich plants. The lines of buildings are generally straight, while the branches of plants are curved. Proper plant cultivation can make the scenery near the building achieve the effect of dynamic balance. For example, the ancient trees in front of the Catholic Church in Qingdao are arranged in front of the circular building, which is both comparative and harmonious. The green of the leaves is the middle color of the building. For example, white fragrant flowers stand out against the gray wall. Parthenocissus on the wall highlights the contrast of this color.
1.2.4 make the landscape environment full of artistic conception and vitality. The arrangement of plants is full of poetic meaning, which embodies the ingenious combination of plants and architecture in the proposition of scenic spots. Planting different plants in different areas or highlighting the characteristics of local plants will form the characteristics of regional landscape and increase the richness of gardens.
1.2.5 enriches the spatial level of landscape architecture and increases the depth of field. The branches, stems and leaves of plants interweave into a net, which can form an interface and play a role in limiting the space, so that the garden plants are dense and dense, echo the reality, match the height, and cooperate with the building, showing a harmonious beauty.
2. Architecture and Plant Configuration in Different Gardens
2. 1 Plant Configuration in Royal Gardens One of the characteristics of China classical gardens is the perfect integration of architectural beauty and natural beauty, and the creation of this integrated beauty and environmental atmosphere is largely due to the proper plant configuration and the combination of natural beauty and artificial beauty. Royal gardens are characterized by large scale, mountains and waters, magnificent architectural colors, carved beams and painted buildings, strong colors, resplendent and magnificent, orderly layout, distinct grades and tall buildings, which embody the supreme rights of emperors and the characteristics of palace buildings. Generally, China traditional tree species with vigorous posture and profound artistic conception are selected, such as Sabina vulgaris, Begonia, Ginkgo biloba, Sophora japonica and Magnolia grandiflora. 2.2 Plant Configuration of Private Garden Buildings Typical Jiangnan private garden buildings represented by Suzhou gardens are characterized by small scale, so rockeries and water are often used, and the buildings are small and exquisite, showing their elegant and quaint colors. The plant configuration of "near-earth" into "urban forest" pays attention to the theme and artistic conception, and plants symbolizing ancient gentlemen are planted on the wall base and corner, mostly pine, bamboo and plum, which shows that the literati is lofty as bamboo and aloof as plum.
2.3 The buildings and plants in temples, cemeteries and other gardens are solemn, so they mainly reflect the solemn atmosphere. Ginkgo biloba, Pinus tabulaeformis, Sabina vulgaris, Pinus bungeana and other plants are generally used.
2.4 Modern gardens are diverse in architecture and plant configuration, and a variety of tree species can be selected. You should choose suitable tree species according to the specific environmental conditions, functions and landscape requirements, such as Pinus bungeana, Prunus mume, Sabina vulgaris, Begonia, Magnolia grandiflora, Ginkgo biloba, Sophora japonica, Platanus acerifolia, Albizia Albizia, Sabina vulgaris and other plants, and there are various planting methods.
Whether it is a classical garden or a modern garden; No matter in street greenbelts, small gardens in residential areas or large-scale comprehensive parks, all kinds of colorful garden buildings and plant configurations will arouse tourists' interest and leave a deep impression on people. However, all kinds of buildings are designed for viewing and creating cultural taste. Plants and mountains are freely arranged in harmony, reaching the perfect and harmonious state of natural environment, aesthetic taste and beautiful ideals. Therefore, the coordination and unity of landscape architecture and plant configuration is a necessary prerequisite to show the landscape effect and become an indispensable part of landscape architecture.
refer to
1 Small, Zhang Yulan. Discussion on Garden Plant Configuration [J]. Journal of Hebei Vocational and Technical Teachers College,1998,4,52-55.
Two packs. Site selection and layout of landscape architecture [J]. Liaoning Economy, 2005,2:110.