Mozi was a great thinker and educator during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. He founded the Mohist school, which opposed Confucianism, and became a scholar as famous as Confucius in ancient China. He put forward a unique educational theory and built a relatively complete ideological system. Mozi represents the interests of small producers, and politically requires the appointment of talents regardless of grade; In terms of educational content, Mozi broke through the category of Confucian six arts education and showed extraordinary creativity; In terms of educational methods, we pay attention to practice and put forward the teacher's initiative spirit of "words must be strong" and "don't knock, don't ring". Compared with the contention of a hundred schools of thought in the same period, Mohism has its own unique theoretical viewpoint, covering many aspects such as production knowledge, science and technology, tactical training, formal logic, teaching practice and so on. However, it is thought-provoking that after the Qin and Han Dynasties, especially after the Han Dynasty's exclusive respect for Confucianism, Mohism gradually declined, and the whole school was almost buried for two thousand years. It was only after the spread of western learning in modern times that Mohist theory was picked up again, which once again affirmed the important value of Mozi and his educational thought system. 1) highly unified theoretical study and practical application Mozi is not only an outstanding thinker, but also a great practitioner. Mozi pays attention to practice. He believes that "without strong will, there will be no wisdom, and those who don't believe in will will fail." ("Mozi cultivate one's morality") He strictly demands that words and deeds be consistent. Whether in production or in battle, he resolutely carries out the task and perseveres. Compared with the Confucian tendency to redo and pan-moralism, Mozi pays more attention to the effect of practice. To judge a thing and evaluate a person, he does not simply look at the result, but attaches importance to the unity of "ambition" (motivation) and "achievement" (effect). Mozi put forward the idea of "observing things with ambition", that is, he advocated the unity of motivation and effect to evaluate people's behavior. For example, if a person does something, the effect is good, but if this person's motivation is not pure, then it is difficult to judge whether this person is good or bad. Therefore, Mozi asked his disciples to "benefit others but not themselves" (Mozi is unhappy), pay attention to cultivating and exercising their will, and ask them to have the spirit of self-sacrifice and a strong sense of social responsibility. Therefore, there are many warriors under Mozi's door, "one hundred and eighty people serve." You can let it go to the fire and die. "("Huai Nan Zi Tai Xun ") Mohist school implements a high degree of unity in educational spirit, paying special attention to" morality ". Mozi stood out from the small producer class in the period of great social change at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, representing the interests of farmers and craftsmen. Therefore, most of his disciples are "people who walk on foot" and "people who work in agriculture and factories". No matter whether they are rich or poor, they can become Mohist disciples as long as they can work hard, have a hard practice spirit and faithfully fulfill Mohist "morality". (2) Moral education and knowledge learning are highly unified. Mozi regards "universal love" and "righteousness" as the highest moral concepts. He regards "universal love" as benevolence and believes that advocating "universal love" can eliminate war and social chaos and create a living environment for people all over the world to live and work in peace and contentment. Mozi's view of "universal love" has three characteristics: one is "loving the same", which requires "depending on people's country, if depending on their country; Treat others' homes as their own; Depends on the person's body, if you look at his body. "Even if you love others and your parents, there should be no difference between priority and closeness. This is completely opposite to the Confucian thought of love and difference, and it is a major breakthrough in the patriarchal moral education advocated by Confucius. The second is "to be easy to be different." Mohism believes that "division" and opposition are the causes of social chaos. Only by "combining separation with exchange" can we eliminate the strong robbing the weak, the masses being violent and poor, and being arrogant. This thought of "no" has the meaning of opposing hierarchical discrimination, which is consistent with Mohist Shang Xian's thought that "officials are impermanent and expensive, and the people have no final foundation". At the same time, it is also the theoretical basis for Mohism to oppose the war of aggression. Third, oppose "killing others to benefit me." "Killing others to benefit me" is a personal egoism moral concept put forward by Wu Mazi according to Confucianism, that is, "pro-skills (decline) and respect for sages". Mozi-Geng Xu refuted this based on the concept of universal love, pointing out that only by loving others can you get others' love, and those who "kill others" cannot "benefit me". Mohist criticism of egoism is a valuable achievement in the history of moral education. Mo Zhai is the first educator in the history of education in China who takes frugality as his virtue. The thrifty, funeral-saving and non-joyful articles in Mozi embody this theory. Confucianism also advocates frugality, but "frugality is used for ceremony", which provides a basis for maintaining a luxurious aristocratic lifestyle. Mozi advocates frugality from cherishing the fruits of labor and reducing the economic burden of workers. It lashed out at the Confucian system of rites and music such as reburial and long mourning, pointing out that reburial is a waste of wealth, and long mourning is a destruction of production and childbirth, with the result that "the country will be poor and the people will be poor", loyalty and filial piety cannot be pursued, and the world will not be at peace. Therefore, long-term reburial is an inhuman and unfair indecent act. Mozi's Le Fei Merchants exposed the string songs of the aristocratic class, which made "the hungry have no food, the cold have no clothes, and the laborers have no rest" and consumed "the wealth of people's food and clothing". Mo Zhai's unhappiness is against the luxurious aristocratic life, rather than denying the artistic life of human beings like Taoism. That is, "Zi Mozi doesn't like the sound of bells, drums, harps and gongs", but prefers the nobles. "It's not a test, not a benefit to the public, so Zi Mozi doesn't like it." In Mo Zhai's view, "beauty" should belong to "goodness" and all recreational activities that harm people's interests should be banned. This kind of pessimism has its rationality and one-sided extremes. Mozi also advocated frugality, opposed waste and advocated saving finance. People think that people should have enough food, clothes, housing and transportation. For example, the way to dress is to keep out the cold, and so are other items. As for fiscal expenditure, "enough is enough for the people" also opposes that the rulers only pay attention to personal enjoyment and increase the economic burden of the people. The country of Mozi Ci solemnly pointed out that "frugality leads to life, and lewdness leads to death", which raised the virtue of thrift to the height of governing the country and keeping the country safe, and created the political style of "frugality to maintain honesty", which still has certain practical significance.